My Scary Journey Into ADOS, the Anti-Immigrant Movement Led by Black Folks

American exceptionalism and xenophobia cleaves the Black struggle once again

Andrew Ricketts
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Still from ADOS 2019 conference video.

Scrolling social media feels like, at any moment, I’ll get pulled into one of those haunted houses I hated as a kid. I didn’t know what was in them but didn’t want to terrify myself looking. I fell into one such spooky abyss last month — ADOS — and I’m mangling my nails trying to claw myself out.

The acronym stands for American Descendants of Slavery, which is an awkward phrase: Since the country was built on slavery, anyone American is a descendant. It’s hard to understand how a person can descend from a system. (I could call myself a Western descendant of capitalism, but I digress.) It’s supposed to signify Black people whose ancestors toiled on American soil and whose families remain here. That’s a huge category. But ADOS doesn’t seek to include most who belong to it. The niche group has become a trenchant faction of bullies who issue Blackness tests. Whatever its acronym, ADOS has come to stand for anti-immigrant invective and petty diversion.

Late last year, during an idle night of browsing rooms on live-chat app Clubhouse, I saw one called #NotMyFredHampton that caught my attention. The upcoming movie Judas and the Black Messiah centers…

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Andrew Ricketts
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Writer for

I’m a Caribbean and American writer from New York. My stories are about coming-of-age, learning how to relate, and family. It’s a living, breathing memoir.